Generation of electrical energy

electricalengineeringwebs.blogspot.com The conversion of energy available in different for in nature into electrical energy is known as  generation  of electrical energy.

Electrical energy is a manufactured commodity like clothing, furniture or tools. Just as the manufacture of a commodity involves the conversion of raw materials available in nature into the desired form, similarly electrical energy is produced from the form of energy available in the nature. However, electrical energy differs in one important respect, where as other commodities may be produced at well and consumed as needed, the electrical energy must be produced and transmitted to point of Use at the instant it is needed. Entire process takes only a fraction of second. This instantaneous production of electrical energy introduces technical and echnomical consideration unique to electrical power industry. Energy is available in various form from different natural sources such as pressure head of water, chemical energy of fuels, nuclear energy of radioactive substances etc. All these form of energy can be converted into electrical energy by the use of suitable arrangement. The arrangements essentially employs an alternator coupled to a primes mover. The prime mover is driven by energy obtained from various sources such as burning of fuels, pressure of water, force of wind etc. For example chemical energy of fuel(e. g., coal) can be used to produced steam at high temperature and pressure. The steam is fed to a prime move which may be steam engine or steam turbine. The turbine convert heat energy of steam into mechanical energy which is further converted into electrical energy by the alternator. Similarly, the other form of energy can be converted into electrical energy by employing suitable machinery and equipment.

 

The sources of energy are

1.the Sun

2.the wind 

3.the water

4.the Fuels

5.nuclear energy

 

1) The sun:  the sun in primary source of energy. The heat energy radiated by sun can be focused over a small area by means of reflectors. This heat can be used to raise steam and electrical engergy can be produced with the help of turbine alternator combination. 

2): The wind : this mathod can be used where wind flows for a considerable length of time. The wind energy is used to run the wind mill which drives a small generator. I order to obtain the electrical energy from a wind mill continously, the generator is arrange to charge the betteries 

 

3) Water: when water is stored at a suitable place. It possesses potential energy because of head created. This water energy can be converted into mechanical energy with the help of water turbine 

4)Fuels)The main sources of energy are fuels, viz., solid fuel as a coal, liquid fuel as an oil and gas fuel as a natural  gas 

5)Nuclear energy : To wards the end of second war, it was discovered that large amount of heat energy is liberated by fission of uranium and other fissionable materials, it is estimated that heat produced by one kg of nuclear fuel is equal to that produced by 4500 tonnes of coal.